True Wind – A History of Taxable Investment Income

My treasure’s in the harbour, take it.

Shakespeare, Antony and Cleopatra, Act 3, Scene 11

Introduction – why analyse taxable income investment?

Each year measuring taxable investment income produced by the financial independence portfolio has provided an alternative independent benchmark of progress on the journey to the portfolio goal.

This measure is distinct from the regularly reported portfolio distributions, through being generated entirely from annual tax records.

Generally, my portfolio income analysis focuses solely on ‘after-tax’ dollars received in the bank account as the primary data. This is reported twice a year.

Nevertheless, this separate annual series of taxable investment income can also help illustrate progress. For example, it can highlight exactly what my taxable income might be in the absence of any paid work. That is, if early retirement was taken today.

Last year some analysis showed some broad trends. More time and new data, however, now provides the opportunity for a longer and fuller view of trends in taxable investment income across the journey.

This longer read post expands the analysis from the last review. It builds into this review data from four additional years of tax records covering the earlier phases of the journey.

The theme of this analysis is how the momentum of gradual progress can build over 15 years, turning a breath of wind into a powerful force through time, and compounding as the years pass.

Along the way it also corrects some minor inconsistencies in data reporting on dividends and franking credits in earlier years of previous analysis.* It also refines the analysis through a greater focus on income from income-producing financial assets, rather than all portfolio assets.

Taxable income investment grows significantly over 2020-21

Taxable investment income for financial year 2020-21 totalled over $68,000. This is a more than 60 per cent increase from the past two financial year totals of around $42,000.

Taxable investment income is defined here as the combined totals of taxable income from the tax assessment categories of partnerships and trusts, foreign source income, franking credits and ‘other income’.

That is, the measured taxable investment income is the total of Items 13, 20 and 24 on the 2021 tax return. Capital gains under Item 18 are excluded.

Figure 1 below shows the levels of taxable investment income for the past fifteen years. This is expanded to cover four additional earlier years, from 2006-07 to 2009-10.

[Chart - Figure 1 - Trends in Taxable Investment Income]
Continue reading “True Wind – A History of Taxable Investment Income”

Monthly Portfolio Update – September 2021

…it is sweet to see the sea from the land when you don’t have to sail any longer

Archippus

This is my fifty-eighth monthly portfolio update. I complete this regular update to check progress against my goal.

Portfolio goal

My objective is to reach a portfolio of $2,585,000 by 31 July 2022. This would produce a real annual income of about $90,500 (in 2021 dollars).

This portfolio objective is based on an assumed safe withdrawal rate of 3.5 per cent.

Portfolio summary

Vanguard Lifestrategy High Growth Fund$807,844
Vanguard Lifestrategy Growth Fund$43,486
Vanguard Lifestrategy Balanced Fund$78,870
Vanguard Diversified Bonds Fund$99,943
Vanguard Australian Shares ETF (VAS)$363,435
Vanguard International Shares ETF (VGS)$233,181
Betashares Australia 200 ETF (A200)$291,171
Telstra shares (TLS)$2,094
Insurance Australia Group shares (IAG)$6,233
NIB Holdings shares (NHF)$8,364
Gold ETF (GOLD.ASX)$108,834
Secured physical gold$17,413
Plenti (P2P lending)$1,145
Bitcoin$669,910
Raiz app (Aggressive portfolio)$20,705
Spaceship Voyager app (Index portfolio)$3,442
BrickX (P2P rental real estate)$5,033
Total portfolio value$2,760,803
(-$84,855)

Asset allocation

Australian shares36.6%
Global shares22.2%
Emerging market shares1.6%
International small companies2.0%
Total international shares25.8%
Total shares62.4% (-12.6%)
Total property securities0.2% (+0.2%)
Australian bonds2.6%
International bonds5.9%
Total bonds8.5% (-6.5%)
Gold4.6%
Bitcoin24.3%
Gold and alternatives28.8% (+18.8%)

Presented visually, the chart below is a high-level view of the current asset allocation of the portfolio.

Chart - Asset Allocation

Comments

The portfolio fell in value by around $85,000 this month, declining by just over 3.0 per cent.

Despite this, the portfolio remains for the moment above the formal portfolio goal, as it has since May. Taking a slightly longer view, the portfolio is still over 50 per cent larger today, than a year ago.

Chart - Monthly Change in Value

The declines this month were broad-based and across almost all of the portfolio.

The value of Bitcoin fell by around 9 per cent, while remaining firmly higher than at the start of the year.

Australian equities have fallen around 2 per cent, and international equities also fell by 1.8 per cent. Partly as a result, the overall equity portfolio has declined by nearly $20,000. This leaves the equity portfolio at around 89 per cent of the amount targeted in the plan.

Amidst some evidence of rising long-term bond rates, the value of gold holdings also fell by 3.3 per cent.

Finally, adding to the negative picture, the value of fixed interest holdings in the Vanguard Diversified Bonds fund fell by 1.3 per cent. Consequently they are now at their lowest dollar level since the last major investments in that fund were made in 2014.

Continue reading “Monthly Portfolio Update – September 2021”

Line of Position – Superannuation and the Financial Independence Portfolio

A ship should not ride on a single anchor, nor life on a single hope.

Epictetus, Golden Sayings, Fragment xvi

Setting out: looking beyond the horizon

In sea navigation, lines of position allow the fixing of the true position of a ship by helping to account for drift from wind or currents.

Each month this record regularly assesses the position reached with a relatively narrow focus on changes and trends affecting the financial independence portfolio. This is consistent with the intention of documenting a journey towards financial independence, and retirement well before the traditional age.

The primary focus on financial independence has meant that until the beginning of 2019, I did not regularly record the impact of superannuation on the achievement of the portfolio’s objectives.

From that time, I recorded a simple ‘All Assets’ measure of progress, which effectively counted the impact of superannuation on the measures. Typically, super has recently represented around 30 per cent of additional ‘buffer’ on progress against the goals set.

In this longer post, the aim is to look beyond the FI portfolio which is reported on, and provide more detail on what the whole financial asset picture looks like – taking into account both superannuation and the FI portfolio.

Measuring the changing position across the journey so far

The goal and plan has always been to target financial independence through my private investment portfolio alone, with superannuation perhaps providing an additional margin of safety.

Reflecting this, superannuation – the approximate Australian equivalent to 401K accounts in the US – has been a quietly evolving part of this financial journey in the background, since the earliest phases.

Over time, I have generally sought to contribute beyond the minimum guarantee amounts, making voluntary contributions with the approximate target of reaching an average 15 per cent of earnings in overall contributions.

This has resulted in a steady growth in the superannuation across time, as can be seen in Figure 1 below.

Chart - Total Super Balance

Clearly evident above are the impact of some market declines – in the second half of 2018, and the most recent March 2020 market falls. Yet also as apparent is the overall trend of steadily compounding returns across time.

Continue reading “Line of Position – Superannuation and the Financial Independence Portfolio”

Lines of Navigation – A History of Portfolio Change

Map of lines of navigation

No man ever steps into the same river twice.

Heraclitus

The achievement of financial independence is often, correctly, framed as getting a few key principles and habits in place, and then repeating these consistently through time. This history of portfolio change steps beyond this valuable and instructive perspective.

This is because an exclusive focus on consistency of action conceals another fact of the journey – that constant principles and habits do not avoid change through the experience. In fact, change has been a continuous marker through the financial independence journey so far.

As the portfolio and its characteristics change, different experiences, issues and challenges emerge.

This post examines some of the major areas of change. It particularly focuses on changes since the commencement of this record in 2017, which covers the second half of the journey.

While each financial independence journey and portfolio is different, this is intended to highlight a few of the key changes I have experienced in building and managing the portfolio, for any interest and insights it offers others.

History of change in the composition of the portfolio

The most significant change – aside from the growth in the overall portfolio level – has been to the composition of the portfolio. That is, balance of actual investments held in different investment vehicles.

For most of the early part of the journey, the set of Vanguard retail funds (mainly the High Growth, Growth, Balanced funds) formed the core of the portfolio. In 2007, for example, Vanguard retail funds made up no less than 95 per cent of the total portfolio.

As the recorded journey started in January 2017, this legacy was still apparent. At this time Vanguard funds made up around 80 per cent of the portfolio, as can be seen below.

Chart of Composition of Portfolio 2017

Some small gold, Bitcoin, and peer-to-peer lending had been added to the portfolio by 2017. Yet these were minor elements compared to the legacy retail funds that also received regular new investments.

The equivalent chart of the composition of the portfolio today is below.

Continue reading “Lines of Navigation – A History of Portfolio Change”